QOJ.ac

QOJ

Time Limit: 10 s - 39 s Memory Limit: 1024 MB Total points: 49

#5904. Twirling Towards Freedom

统计

Problem

"I say we must move forward, not backward; upward, not forward; and always twirling, twirling, twirling towards freedom!" — Former U.S. Presidential nominee Kodos.

After hearing this inspirational quote from America's first presidential nominee from the planet Rigel VII, you have decided that you too would like to twirl (rotate) towards freedom. For the purposes of this problem, you can think of "freedom" as being as far away from your starting location as possible.

The galaxy is a two-dimensional plane. Your space ship starts at the origin, position (0, 0). There are N stars in the galaxy. Every minute, you can choose a star and rotate your space ship 90 degrees clockwise around the star. You may also choose to stay where you are.

How far away can you move from the origin after M minutes?

problem_5904_1.png

The image illustrates the first 3 rotations for a possible path in sample case 1. Note that this path is not necessarily a part of any optimal solution.

Input

The first line of the input gives the number of test cases, T. T test cases follow, beginning with two lines containing integers N and M. The next N lines each contain two integers, Xi and Yi, representing the locations of stars.

Output

For each test case, output one line containing "Case #x: D", where x is the case number (starting from 1) and D is the distance from the origin to the optimal final position. Answers with absolute or relative error no larger than 10-6 will be accepted.

Limits

Memory limit: 1GB.

1 ≤ T ≤ 100;

-1000 ≤ Xi ≤ 1000;

-1000 ≤ Yi ≤ 1000.

No two stars will be at the same location.

There may be a star at the origin.

Test set 1 (Visible Verdict; 10 Points)

Time limit: 30 6 seconds.

1 ≤ N ≤ 10.

1 ≤ M ≤ 10.

Test set 2 (Hidden Verdict; 39 Points)

Time limit: 60 12 seconds.

1 ≤ N ≤ 5000.

1 ≤ M ≤ 108.

Sample

3
4
1
-2 4
1 -2
4 1
0 2
1
4
-5 0
2
5
-1 1
-2 2
Case #1: 6.3245553203
Case #2: 10.0000000000
Case #3: 6.3245553203

Discussions

About Discussions

The discussion section is only for posting: Editorials, General Discussions (problem-solving strategies, alternative approaches), and Off-topic conversations.

This is NOT for reporting issues! If you want to report bugs or errors, please use the Issues section below.

Open Discussions 0
No discussions in this category.

Issues

About Issues

If you find any issues with the problem (statement, scoring, time/memory limits, test cases, etc.), you may submit an issue here. A problem moderator will review your issue.

Guidelines:

  1. This is not a place to publish discussions, editorials, or requests to debug your code. Issues are only visible to you and problem moderators.
  2. Do not submit duplicated issues. Submitting multiple issues may cause your account to be banned.
  3. Issues must be filed in English or Chinese only.
Active Issues 0
No issues in this category.
Closed/Resolved Issues 0
No issues in this category.