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Time Limit: 1 s Memory Limit: 256 MB Total points: 100

#56. Nim Product

Statistics

题目描述

这是一道模板题。

对于两个非负整数 $x, y$ 我们定义其 Nim 积 $x\otimes y$:

$$ x \otimes y = \operatorname {mex} \{ (a\otimes b) \oplus (a\otimes y) \oplus (x\otimes b) \mid 0\le a < x \wedge 0\le b < y \} $$

其中 $\oplus$ 是异或运算,$\operatorname{mex}$ 是集合中不存在的最小非负整数。

输入格式

第一行输入四个整数 $T, \mathrm{SA}, \mathrm{SB}, \mathrm{SC}$。

为了测试效率,询问数量 $T$ 可能很大,使用如下代码生成询问的输入:

unsigned int SA, SB, SC;
unsigned int rng() {
    SA ^= SA << 16;
    SA ^= SA >> 5;
    SA ^= SA << 1;
    unsigned int t = SA;
    SA = SB;
    SB = SC;
    SC ^= t ^ SA;
    return SC;
}

在接下来 $T$ 组询问中,设 $\mathrm{lastans}$ 最初为 $0$,则按顺序有

unsigned int x = rng() + lastans;
unsigned int y = rng();
lastans = nim_mul(x, y);

如此进行 $T$ 次循环。

输出格式:

输出一行一个整数,表示最后一组解的答案。

样例数据

样例输入

5 171380702 78283356 95463589

样例输出

1145338263

样例解释

各组询问的 $x, y$ 解码后以及 Nim 积分别是:

  • $256959001\otimes 2376274030 = 32929940$
  • $2087417067\otimes 3383958306 =1591092706$
  • $2004390948\otimes 1462129087 =601753157$
  • $1466470965\otimes 4216679711 =1115264544$
  • $94560729\otimes 4273456727 =1145338263$

子任务

生成的数据均在 $2^{32}$ 范围以内,故保证 $0\le x, y < 2^{32}$。

四组数据中的 $T$ 分别为 $10, 1000, 3\times 10^4, 3\times 10^7$。

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